Web Technologies Used by routledge.com

Bootstrap is a free and open-source CSS framework directed at responsive, mobile-first front-end web development. It contains CSS- and JavaScript-based design templates for typography, forms, buttons, navigation and other interface components.

Google Tag Manager is a free tool from Google that enables users to easily add, update, and manage website tags. Tags are snippets of code that allow websites to track activity, such as page visits and clicks, in order to better understand user behavior. Google Tag Manager makes it easy to quickly and easily add, update, and manage website tags without having to manually update code. It also helps to ensure that tags are firing correctly and accurately tracking user activity.

New Relic is an American software analytics company based in San Francisco, California.

PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor is a general-purpose programming language originally designed for web development. PHP code may be executed with a command line interface (CLI), embedded into HTML code, or used in combination with various web template systems, web content management systems, and web frameworks.

Pardot is a Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) marketing automation platform.

Modernizr is a JavaScript library which is designed to detect HTML5 and CSS3 features in various browsers, which lets JavaScript avoid using unimplemented features or use a workaround such as a shim to emulate them. Modernizr aims to provide this feature detection in a complete and standardized manner.

Select2 is a jQuery based replacement for select boxes. It supports searching, remote data sets, and pagination (infinite scrolling) of results.

jQuery is a JavaScript library designed to simplify HTML DOM tree traversal and manipulation, as well as event handling, CSS animation, and Ajax. It is free, open-source software using the permissive MIT License.

core-js is a modular standard library for JavaScript, with polyfills for cutting-edge ECMAScript features.

LazySizes is a JavaScript library used to delay the loading of images (iframes, scripts, etc) until they come into view.

Google's Font API provides website developers a means by which they may quickly add custom fonts to their website.

Cloudflare is a company that provides content delivery network services, DDoS mitigation, Internet security and distributed domain name server services. Cloudflare's services sit between the visitor and the Cloudflare user's hosting provider, acting as a reverse proxy for websites.

Cloudflare bot management solution identifies and mitigates automated traffic to protect websites from bad bots.

Google Analytics is a web analytics service offered by Google that tracks and reports website traffic. It provides valuable insights into website traffic, user behavior, and marketing performance. With Google Analytics, you can gain insights into your website’s audience, their location, the pages they visit, the content they view, and more. Google Analytics also offers powerful segmentation capabilities and advanced reporting features, allowing you to create custom reports and better understand your website’s performance.

Facebook pixel is an analytics tool that allows you to measure the effectiveness of your advertising.

Contentsquare is an enterprise-level UX optimisation platform.

Twitter Ads is an advertising platform for Twitter 'microblogging' system.

Optimizely is an American company that makes customer experience optimization software for other companies. The Optimizely platform technology provides A/B testing tools, in which two versions of a web page can be compared for performance, and multivariate testing.