Web Technologies Used by columbia.edu

The Apache HTTP Server is free and open-source cross-platform web server software, released under the terms of Apache License 2.0. Apache is developed and maintained by an open community of developers under the auspices of the Apache Software Foundation.

Vimeo is a video hosting, sharing and services platform. Vimeo operation an ad-free basis by providing subscription plans.

Bootstrap is a free and open-source CSS framework directed at responsive, mobile-first front-end web development. It contains CSS- and JavaScript-based design templates for typography, forms, buttons, navigation and other interface components.

Google Tag Manager is a free tool from Google that enables users to easily add, update, and manage website tags. Tags are snippets of code that allow websites to track activity, such as page visits and clicks, in order to better understand user behavior. Google Tag Manager makes it easy to quickly and easily add, update, and manage website tags without having to manually update code. It also helps to ensure that tags are firing correctly and accurately tracking user activity.

PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor is a general-purpose programming language originally designed for web development. PHP code may be executed with a command line interface (CLI), embedded into HTML code, or used in combination with various web template systems, web content management systems, and web frameworks.

Modernizr is a JavaScript library which is designed to detect HTML5 and CSS3 features in various browsers, which lets JavaScript avoid using unimplemented features or use a workaround such as a shim to emulate them. Modernizr aims to provide this feature detection in a complete and standardized manner.

Moment.js is a free and open source JavaScript library that removes the need to use the native JavaScript Date object directly.

Underscore.js is a JavaScript library which provides utility functions for common programming tasks. It is comparable to features provided by Prototype.js and the Ruby language, but opts for a functional programming design instead of extending object prototypes.

jQuery is a JavaScript library designed to simplify HTML DOM tree traversal and manipulation, as well as event handling, CSS animation, and Ajax. It is free, open-source software using the permissive MIT License.

AngularJS is a JavaScript-based open-source front-end web framework mainly maintained by Google and by a community of individuals and corporations to address many of the challenges encountered in developing single-page applications.

Adobe Fonts (formerly Typekit) is an online service which offers a subscription library of high-quality fonts. The fonts may be used directly on websites or synced via Adobe Creative Cloud to applications on the subscriber's computers.

Drupal is a free and open-source content management framework written in PHP and distributed under the GNU General Public License.

Cloudflare is a company that provides content delivery network services, DDoS mitigation, Internet security and distributed domain name server services. Cloudflare's services sit between the visitor and the Cloudflare user's hosting provider, acting as a reverse proxy for websites.

Cloudflare bot management solution identifies and mitigates automated traffic to protect websites from bad bots.

Varnish is an open-source web application accelerator also known as a HTTP cache or reverse proxy. It is designed to speed up websites and reduce the load on web servers by caching frequently accessed web pages and serving them directly to users without having to generate them dynamically each time they are requested. Varnish is typically used in front of web servers such as Apache or Nginx, and it can be configured to cache content based on various criteria such as URL, HTTP headers, cookies, and more. It also supports dynamic content and can be used to implement load balancing, content filtering, and other advanced features. Varnish is known for its high performance and scalability, and it is widely used by websites with high traffic volumes such as news sites, social media platforms, and e-commerce sites. It is also used by many content delivery networks (CDNs) to improve the speed and efficiency of content delivery.

Google Analytics is a web analytics service offered by Google that tracks and reports website traffic. It provides valuable insights into website traffic, user behavior, and marketing performance. With Google Analytics, you can gain insights into your website’s audience, their location, the pages they visit, the content they view, and more. Google Analytics also offers powerful segmentation capabilities and advanced reporting features, allowing you to create custom reports and better understand your website’s performance.